Most Penalized Facilities by EPA

When facilities violate the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, or Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), EPA can assess civil penalties. The facilities below have accumulated the largest total penalties in EPA's Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO) database.

Penalty totals reflect the full enforcement record available in ECHO, which typically covers the last several years of activity. Large penalties often result from consent decrees — negotiated settlements where a company agrees to pay fines and undertake corrective actions in exchange for resolving multiple violations at once. A single consent decree can account for most of a facility's total.

High penalties don't always mean ongoing problems. Some facilities on this list resolved their violations years ago and are now in compliance. Others are repeat offenders with active enforcement cases. Click through to individual facility pages to see current compliance status and quarterly violation history.